What the course covers
Spanish domestic carriage is governed by the LCTTM (Ley 15/2009, del contrato de transporte terrestre de mercancías — Land Carriage of Goods Act, BOE-A-2009-18004), which also fills gaps in international carriage. Article 3 is headed «Naturaleza dispositiva» (freedom of contract): the parties shape the bargain, subject to few ceilings. The main ceiling is article 46, which bars any clause cutting the carrier's liability below the statutory regime.
The sessions work through the consignment note and its evidential weight, the shipper's instructions, the right to redirect the goods in transit, and the standing of the actual carrier where traction is subcontracted. Article 47 sets out the heads of liability for loss, damage and delay. Article 57 sets the figure: one third of the daily IPREM per kilo of gross weight. With the daily IPREM at EUR 20 (ninetieth additional provision of Ley 31/2022, carried into 2026 by rollover), the cap stands at EUR 6.67 per kilo. Article 62 governs when that cap falls away.
Two regimes can touch the same lane, so the course sets them side by side. The CMR Convention (Spain's instrument of accession, BOE-A-1974-753) caps recovery at 8.33 SDR per kilo (article 23.3); with the SDR at EUR 1.182 (IMF, 8 September 2026), that is EUR 9.85 per kilo. The gap drives the decision to declare value or to buy cargo cover.
Time limits under the LCTTM: notice of claim for non-apparent damage or loss within 7 calendar days of delivery (article 60), and a one-year limitation period, two years in cases of wilful misconduct (article 79). A written claim suspends the clock. It starts again when the respondent rejects the claim in writing and returns the documents; a later claim on the same subject matter does not suspend it again (article 79.3).
Who it is for
Traffic managers who issue and sign consignment notes daily. Claims handlers at transport operators and at insurers. In-house legal teams at industrial and retail shippers. Freight forwarders and logistics operators who contract in their own name and answer as contractual carriers. Fleet managers who subcontract traction.
Why it matters
A 1,000-kilo consignment invoiced at EUR 40,000 attracts EUR 6,670 once article 57 applies and no value was declared. The shortfall against invoice value is EUR 33,330. The cap only breaks on the article 62 grounds, and the claimant carries the burden of proving them. Where no notice is given inside the 7 calendar days of article 60, delivery is presumed to have been in order.
Programme
- The carriage contract: parties, consignment note and evidential value
- Freedom of contract under article 3 LCTTM and the mandatory floor in article 46
- Heads of liability in article 47: loss, damage and delay
- The article 57 cap of EUR 6.67 per kilo and how article 62 breaks it
- Notice under article 60 and limitation under article 79, with suspension by written claim
- Benchmarking against the CMR cap of 8.33 SDR per kilo and declared value
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